poker online migliore

A Comprehensive GuideWhat is Poker Online Migliore?Poker online migliore refers to the best or top-rated poker platforms available for players to engage in online poker games. These platforms offer a variety of features, such as different game modes, tournaments, and user-friendly interfaces.Benefits of Playing on the Best Poker PlatformsPlaying on the best poker online migliore platforms comes with numerous benefits:Secure Transactions: Reputable sites ensure secure transactions, protecting players’ financial information.Fair Games: Top-rated platforms guarantee fair games, using Random Number Generators (RNGs) to ensure randomness and unpredictability.Variety of Games: The best poker online migliore offer a wide range of games, including Texas Hold’em, Omaha, and more.User-Friendly Interface: Intuitive interfaces make it easy for players to navigate and find their preferred games.Key Features to Look for in a Top-Rated Poker PlatformWhen searching for the best poker online migliore, consider the following essential features:License and Regulation: Ensure the platform is licensed and regulated by a reputable gaming authority.Game Variety: A wide range of game options, including different variants and stakes.User Interface: An intuitive and user-friendly interface that makes it easy to navigate and find games.Security: Robust security measures, such as encryption and secure payment processing.Customer Support: Prompt and helpful customer support available 24⁄7.Tips for Choosing the Best Poker PlatformTo make an informed decision when choosing a poker platform:Research and read reviews from other players to get an idea of their experiences.Check the platform’s reputation online, looking for any red flags or negative feedback.Compare features and bonuses offered by different platforms.Consider your personal preferences and needs as a player.ConclusionChoosing the best poker online migliore can be a daunting task, but by considering the benefits of playing on top-rated platforms and key features to look out for, you’ll be able to make an informed decision.

  • Cash King Palace
    new
    Royal Wins100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Starlight Betting Lounge
    Celestial Bet100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Palace
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Spin Palace Casino
    Win Big Now100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Golden Spin Casino
    Luxury Play100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Silver Fox Slots
    Elegance+Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Diamond Crown Casino
    Opulence & Fun100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Lucky Ace Casino
    Luck&Luxury100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Royal Fortune Gaming
    Opulence & Thrills100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more
  • Victory Slots Resort
    Spin to Win100% / $1500
    Casino popularity:
    Collecting more data...
    Payment methods
    • Mifinity
    • Google Pay
    • PIX
    • EcoPayz
    • Neteller
    • Apple Pay
    • Visa
    • Sofort
    • Interac
    • Wagering: 35 x (b)
    • Withdrawal time: 1 days
    • Minimum deposit to casino: $30
    • Bonus max bet: $5
    • Established: 2024
    • Free Spins: 200
    • 1st Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT22nd Deposit Bonus:100% / $1500 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT33rd Deposit Bonus:75% / $3000 + 75 Free Spins
    • Bonus code: FRUIT44th Deposit Bonus:50% / $4500 + 200 Free Spins
    • Leading selection of slots
    • VISA casino site
    • HD streaming casino games
    • Newly unveiled casino
    • Signup offer now available
    • Mr. Gamble special bonuses
    Show more

Source

  1. poker online migliore
  2. poker online migliore
  3. poker online migliore
  4. poker online migliore
  5. poker online migliore
  6. poker online migliore

poker online migliore

A Comprehensive Guide

What is Poker Online Migliore?

Poker online migliore refers to the best or top-rated poker platforms available for players to engage in online poker games. These platforms offer a variety of features, such as different game modes, tournaments, and user-friendly interfaces.

Benefits of Playing on the Best Poker Platforms

Playing on the best poker online migliore platforms comes with numerous benefits:

  • Secure Transactions: Reputable sites ensure secure transactions, protecting players’ financial information.
  • Fair Games: Top-rated platforms guarantee fair games, using Random Number Generators (RNGs) to ensure randomness and unpredictability.
  • Variety of Games: The best poker online migliore offer a wide range of games, including Texas Hold’em, Omaha, and more.
  • User-Friendly Interface: Intuitive interfaces make it easy for players to navigate and find their preferred games.

Key Features to Look for in a Top-Rated Poker Platform

When searching for the best poker online migliore, consider the following essential features:

  1. License and Regulation: Ensure the platform is licensed and regulated by a reputable gaming authority.
  2. Game Variety: A wide range of game options, including different variants and stakes.
  3. User Interface: An intuitive and user-friendly interface that makes it easy to navigate and find games.
  4. Security: Robust security measures, such as encryption and secure payment processing.
  5. Customer Support: Prompt and helpful customer support available 247.

Tips for Choosing the Best Poker Platform

To make an informed decision when choosing a poker platform:

  • Research and read reviews from other players to get an idea of their experiences.
  • Check the platform’s reputation online, looking for any red flags or negative feedback.
  • Compare features and bonuses offered by different platforms.
  • Consider your personal preferences and needs as a player.

Conclusion

Choosing the best poker online migliore can be a daunting task, but by considering the benefits of playing on top-rated platforms and key features to look out for, you’ll be able to make an informed decision. Remember to research, compare, and choose a platform that suits your needs as a player.

giochi poker gratis online italiano

Il poker è uno dei giochi di carte più popolari al mondo, e grazie all’avvento di Internet, è diventato accessibile a chiunque con una connessione a Internet. Se sei un appassionato di poker o vuoi semplicemente provare questo affascinante gioco senza rischiare soldi, i giochi di poker gratis online in italiano sono la scelta perfetta per te. In questa guida, esploreremo tutto ciò che devi sapere sui giochi di poker gratis online in italiano, tra cui dove giocare, i tipi di poker disponibili e i vantaggi di giocare gratis.

Dove Giocare ai Giochi di Poker Gratis Online in Italiano

1. Siti Web di Poker Legali

  • PokerStars: Uno dei più grandi siti di poker al mondo offre una modalità di gioco gratis dove puoi praticare senza spendere soldi.
  • 888poker: Un altro sito di poker di grande fama che offre tornei e tavoli di poker gratuiti.
  • Winamax: Un sito di poker francese che ha una versione italiana e offre una modalità di gioco gratis.

2. App per Smartphone e Tablet

  • Zynga Poker: Disponibile sia su iOS che su Android, questa app ti permette di giocare a poker con amici o con giocatori di tutto il mondo, tutto gratis.
  • Poker Heat: Un’altra app popolare che offre una vasta gamma di tornei di poker gratuiti.

Tipi di Poker Disponibili

1. Texas Hold’em

  • Descrizione: Il tipo di poker più popolare, in cui ogni giocatore riceve due carte coperte e cerca di formare la migliore mano di cinque carte usando le cinque carte comuni sul tavolo.
  • Vantaggi del Gioco Gratis: Puoi imparare le basi e sviluppare strategie senza rischiare denaro reale.

2. Omaha

  • Descrizione: Un gioco simile al Texas Hold’em, ma ogni giocatore riceve quattro carte coperte e deve usare esattamente due di queste carte insieme a tre delle cinque carte comuni.
  • Vantaggi del Gioco Gratis: Pratica la complessità di questo gioco senza preoccuparti di perdere denaro.

3. Seven Card Stud

  • Descrizione: Un gioco in cui ogni giocatore riceve sette carte, di cui tre coperte e quattro scoperte, e deve formare la migliore mano di cinque carte.
  • Vantaggi del Gioco Gratis: Scopri le dinamiche di questo gioco tradizionale senza rischi finanziari.

Vantaggi di Giocare ai Giochi di Poker Gratis Online

1. Pratica Senza Rischi

  • Senza Perdere Denaro: Puoi migliorare le tue abilità senza dover rischiare denaro reale.
  • Libertà di Sperimentare: Prova diverse strategie e stili di gioco senza preoccupazioni.

2. Accessibilità

  • Disponibilità 247: Puoi giocare quando vuoi, senza dover aspettare un tavolo o un torneo.
  • Compatibilità con Dispositivi Mobili: Gioca ovunque tu sia, grazie alle app per smartphone e tablet.

3. Socializzazione

  • Connessione con Altri Giocatori: Incontra e gioca con giocatori di tutto il mondo.
  • Tornei e Competizioni: Partecipa a tornei gratuiti e competi per premi virtuali.

Conclusione

I giochi di poker gratis online in italiano offrono un’ottima opportunità per tutti coloro che vogliono imparare, praticare e divertirsi con questo affascinante gioco. Sia che tu sia un principiante o un giocatore esperto, c’è sempre qualcosa da imparare e da sperimentare. Quindi, perché non iniziare a giocare oggi stesso e vedere quanto puoi migliorare? Buona fortuna e buon divertimento!

online poker california

Here’s an analysis of how you might break down the article:

  • Overview of Online Poker in California

    • Brief history of online poker legalization in the state
    • Current status and laws governing online poker
  • Regulated Online Poker Options in California

    • Details on licensed operators offering online poker games
    • Overview of their offerings, including game types, stakes, and promotions
    • Information on any specific requirements or restrictions for players
  • Unregulated Online Poker in California

    • Discussion of the risks associated with playing at unlicensed sites
    • Tips for identifying reputable online poker rooms
  • Tax Implications for Online Poker Winnings in California

    • Explanation of tax laws regarding online poker winnings
    • Guidelines on how to report and pay taxes on poker wins
  • Tips for Safe and Enjoyable Online Poker Experience in California

    • Recommendations for responsible gaming practices
    • Advice on managing bankrolls, setting limits, and avoiding addiction

Here’s a sample article using the specified format:

Online poker has become increasingly popular in California, with many residents seeking to participate in this exciting form of entertainment. However, understanding the regulations surrounding online poker is crucial for a safe and enjoyable experience.

Overview of Online Poker in California

History of Online Poker Legalization

The history of online poker legalization in California dates back to 2013 when Assembly Bill 286 would have allowed licensed card rooms to offer online poker games. Although it did not pass, it laid the groundwork for future legislation.

Current Status and Laws Governing Online Poker

California’s current law on online poker is governed by the 2016 Assembly Bill 431, which allows licensed tribes to operate online poker games. This legislation has led to the establishment of regulated online poker rooms in the state.

Regulated Online Poker Options in California

Currently, there are two major operators offering online poker games in California:

  • California-licensed Tribal Casinos: These include popular online poker platforms like Global Poker and Ignition Casino.
  • Global Poker: This platform offers a range of online poker games, including Texas Hold’em and Omaha.

Unregulated Online Poker in California

Playing at unregulated sites poses significant risks. Some key tips for identifying reputable sites include:

  • Verify Licenses: Check if the site has valid licenses from recognized gaming authorities.
  • Read Reviews: Look for genuine reviews from other players to gauge the site’s reputation.

Tax Implications for Online Poker Winnings in California

When playing online poker, winnings are subject to tax laws. According to the IRS, gambling winnings are taxable income. In California, you may need to report your wins and pay taxes on them.

  • Report Wins: Keep accurate records of your winnings and report them on your tax return.
  • Pay Taxes: Pay taxes on your reported winnings using the appropriate tax forms (e.g., W-2G).

Tips for Safe and Enjoyable Online Poker Experience in California

To ensure a safe and enjoyable experience, consider these recommendations:

  • Set Limits: Establish limits on your gaming sessions to avoid excessive spending.
  • Manage Bankrolls: Keep track of your bankroll to stay within budget.

In conclusion, playing online poker in California requires an understanding of the state’s regulations. By choosing regulated sites and being aware of tax implications, you can have a safe and enjoyable experience.

Overview of Online Poker Industry in India

The online poker industry has gained significant traction in recent years in India. While land-based casinos are prohibited by law, online gaming platforms have managed to carve out a niche for themselves. This article aims to provide an exhaustive overview of the current landscape of online poker in India.

Online poker is considered a grey area in Indian law. There is no specific legislation that prohibits or allows online poker. However, the Public Gaming Act, 1867, and the Information Technology Act, 2000, have been used to regulate online gaming activities. The Supreme Court of India has also ruled on the matter, stating that online games are not a “game of skill” but rather a game of chance.

Key Takeaways:

  • Online poker is considered illegal by the Indian government.
  • However, many online poker platforms operate in India with some level of impunity.
  • The legal status of online poker in India remains unclear due to conflicting laws and court judgments.

Regulatory Framework

The regulatory framework for online poker in India is still evolving. While there are no dedicated regulations specifically addressing online poker, the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) has issued guidelines for online gaming platforms. These guidelines require operators to adhere to strict standards regarding security, fairness, and age verification.

Key Takeaways:

  • MeitY guidelines regulate online gaming platforms but do not explicitly address online poker.
  • Operators must comply with these guidelines to operate legally in India.

Despite the unclear legal status of online poker, several popular platforms continue to offer online poker services to Indian users. These include:

  • Adda52: A well-established online gaming platform that offers a range of games, including poker.
  • PokerBaaz: Another prominent player in the Indian online gaming space, offering poker and other games.
  • 9Stacks: An online gaming platform that provides poker and other card games.

Key Takeaways:

  • Several popular online gaming platforms operate in India despite the unclear legal status of online poker.
  • These platforms must comply with regulatory guidelines to avoid penalties.

Online poker remains a grey area in Indian law. While many operators continue to offer online poker services, the lack of clear regulations creates uncertainty for both players and operators. As the industry continues to evolve, it is essential for stakeholders to advocate for dedicated regulations that address the unique needs of online poker platforms.

In conclusion, the online poker industry in India faces challenges due to unclear legal status, but several popular platforms continue to operate despite these obstacles. It is crucial for lawmakers and regulators to establish clear guidelines or laws specifically addressing online poker to ensure a level playing field and protect players’ rights.

Frequently Questions

What are the best subreddits for free online poker discussions?

For free online poker discussions, Reddit offers several top subreddits. 'r/poker' is a comprehensive community covering all aspects of poker, including free online games. 'r/pokergames' focuses on poker strategy and game discussions, often featuring free online options. 'r/pokerstrategy' is ideal for in-depth strategy talks, including those applicable to free online poker. 'r/freepoker' is specifically dedicated to free poker games and resources, making it a go-to for those seeking free online poker discussions. Each subreddit provides a unique perspective and valuable insights, catering to different aspects of the poker community.

Can You Play Poker Online in New York?

Playing poker online in New York is currently not permitted due to state laws. New York has not yet legalized online poker, and as such, residents cannot participate in online poker games within the state. However, there is ongoing discussion and potential legislation that could change this in the future. For now, poker enthusiasts in New York must rely on live poker rooms or travel to states where online poker is legal. Stay updated on legislative developments to know when online poker might become available in New York.

 

What is the history and rules of online poker on Wikipedia?

Online poker's history traces back to the late 1990s with the advent of the internet. The first online poker sites emerged, offering players a new way to enjoy the game. By the early 2000s, online poker had gained significant popularity, culminating in the 2003 World Series of Poker victory by Chris Moneymaker, who qualified online. Rules of online poker are similar to those in live poker, adhering to standard poker hand rankings and betting structures. Players use virtual chips, and the game follows typical poker rules like Texas Hold'em, Omaha, and Seven-Card Stud. Online platforms often provide detailed rule sets and tutorials to guide players through the game.

Is Online Poker Legal in Rhode Island?

Online poker is not explicitly legal in Rhode Island, as the state has not yet regulated or authorized online poker sites. However, there are no specific laws that criminalize playing poker online for residents. The situation is somewhat ambiguous, and players may engage in online poker at their own risk. It's advisable to stay informed about any legislative changes, as the legal landscape for online gambling can evolve. For now, Rhode Islanders interested in poker should consider visiting one of the state's land-based casinos for a legal poker experience.

Is Online Poker Legal in North Carolina?

Online poker is not explicitly legal in North Carolina. The state has strict gambling laws, and while there are no specific statutes against online poker, the general prohibition on gambling applies. Players may face legal risks if caught participating in online poker games. However, no one has been prosecuted for playing online poker in North Carolina to date. Residents often turn to offshore sites, which are not regulated by U.S. law, to play poker online. It's crucial to understand the legal landscape and potential risks before engaging in online poker activities.